Hemogram Indices as a Mortality Predictor in Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS): A Hospital-Based Clinical Study

Abstract

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the prognosis and fatal outcomes by hematological parameters in patients with sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS).

Methodology: A prospective, cohort, observational hospital-based study, was conducted from October 2019 to April 2020, in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of JPMC, Karachi, Pakistan.With IRB committee approval, JPMC, a total of 200 patients diagnosed with SIRS and Sepsis as per SSC Guidelines, were enrolled. Demographic details, mortality stay in the ICU, clinical vitals and hemogram variables (total and differential leucocyte count, platelet count, and mean platelet volume) were observed with standard laboratory protocols on day 1 and 3. Results were analyzed by SPSS 26 with required statistical tests with p value less than 0.05 significant.

Results: Outcomes were significantly different in SIRS and septic patients for mortality (p=0.01), stay in hospital (p=0.01), and culture positivity (p=0.01). Hemogram indices in sepsis and SIRS were markedly different, with significantly elevated values of Total Leucocytes Count((TLC), Mean Platelets Volume (MPV), Neutrophils to Lymphocytes Ratio (NLCR) ( P = < 0.01) in patients with sepsis exclusively.

Conclusion: Hematological parameters, MPV and NLCR can be used as prognostic markers to assess mortality in patients with sepsis. These are readily available blood markers linked to inflammation and can be useful, accessible tools for predicting patient prognosis and guiding treatment in sepsis