Association of Factor V Leiden (G1691A) and Prothrombin (G20210A) Polymorphism with Covid-19 Thrombosis

Abstract

Objective: Identification of genetic risk factors can aid in early detection and treatment of thrombotic events, improving patient outcomes.

Methodology: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted UHS, Lahore from February 2022 to August 2022. In COVID-19 patients with thrombotic events, PCR amplification was carried out to detect the presence of FVL(G1691A) and PT(G20210A) Polymorphism using 2% agarose gel. The chi-square and Fisher exact test was used.

Results: A total of 167 COVID-19 patients were included in the study, of which 74(44.3%) were non-thrombotic and 93(55.6%) thrombotic. The disease was mild in 81(48.5%) cases while it was moderate to severe in 86 (51.5%) cases. Majority of the patients i.e. 157(94%) patients did not have polymorphism of FVL(G1691A) while 8(4.8%) had heterozygous and 2(1.2%) had homozygous polymorphism. Two heterozygous FVL (G1691A) were from non-thrombotic and 2 homozygous and 6 heterozygous were from thrombotic groups. Whereas 161 (96.4%) patients were normal for Prothrombin (G20210A), 5(3%) were heterozygous and 1(0.6%) was homozygous for Prothrombin (G20210A).

Conclusion: A higher prevalence of these polymorphisms was observed in younger age group, suggesting that genetic testing for FVL and PT mutations may be considered in young patients presenting with COVID-19–related thrombosis.

Keywords: Factor V Leiden (G1691A), Prothrombin (G20210A) Polymorphism, COVID-19 Thrombosis, Genetic Risk Factors, Thrombotic Events in COVID19-